A mother discovers her long-lost son has returned as a stranger, setting off a chain of events that leads to inevitable tragedy. Young Norval, raised in obscurity, seeks glory and identity in a world defined by clan loyalties and hidden pasts. Lady Randolph, mourning a son she believes dead, finds herself entangled with this mysterious youth, unaware of their true connection. The narrative unfolds through formal verse, adhering to the classical constraints of eighteenth-century dramatic structure. The conflict intensifies as jealousy and misunderstanding drive the characters toward a fatal resolution.

Discussion often centers on the play's historical significance as a cornerstone of Scottish Enlightenment drama. Readers frequently highlight the emotional intensity of the central revelation and the author's ability to maintain tension through formal, stylized language. Critics often examine how the work reflects the cultural values of its time, particularly regarding themes of lineage and social standing. The pacing is noted for its deliberate build toward the final act, which remains the most discussed segment of the performance. Many observers appreciate the play for its influence on later theatrical traditions despite its rigid adherence to classical conventions.