This book focuses on primary school leadership in the post-conflict and developing country of Timor-Leste. In doing so, it reports on research that has charted a ‘narrative arc’ comprising the historical background to primary school leadership, as well as the current concerns perceived by primary school leaders and the strategies they adopt when dealing with the challenges encountered in their day-to-day work. This exposition reveals the significant progress that has been made in establishing a universal, mandatory, and free Basic Education system during the country’s emergence as a post-conflict society. It also conveys the ‘lived experience’ of practitioners and describes vividly the realities of their work in leading their schools and communities. The book will be useful for researchers in the field of educational leadership, for school leaders, for education policy makers, and for those responsible for preparing, developing, and supporting primary school leaders in Timor-Leste, as well as in other post-conflict and developing countries.