4 Managing Small-Group Reading Instruction Keeping All Students Engaged in Literacy Learning -- Building Background: Effective Classroom Management -- Managing Time in the Literacy Block -- Managing the Physical Environment -- Implementing and Managing Student Activities -- Literacy Centers -- Box: Commonly used literacy centers -- Box: Guidelines for literacy center routines -- Classroom Snapshot: Mrs. Jones's Literacy Centers: "Ticket work"--Variations and Alternatives to Literacy Centers -- Classroom Snapshot: Tricia Stuck's choice learning activities -- Conclusion -- Practical Application -- Recommended Resources -- References -- 5 Starting with Assessment Beginning with the and in Mind -- Building Background for Assessment: What and Why -- Assessments to Inform Reading Instruction -- Concepts About Print Assessment -- Letter/Sound Identification Assessment -- Qualitative Spelling Inventory -- Word Recognition Inventory -- Benchmark Text Reading Level Assessments -- Retelling -- Fluency Measures -- Interest and Attitude Inventories -- Running Records -- Box: Assessing English learners -- Finding Time to Conduct Assessments -- Classroom Snapshot: Mr. Waverly's Integration of Assessment and Instruction -- Conclusion -- Practical Application -- Recommended Resources -- References -- 6 Analyzing the Assessments Using Data to Design Differentiated Instruction -- Assessment 1: Qualitative Spelling Inventory -- Assessment 2: Word Recognition -- Assessment 3: Text Reading Level -- Assessment 4: Oral Reading Fluency -- Assessment 5: Interest Inventory -- Analyzing and Using the Data -- Planning for Whole-Class Reading Instruction -- Planning for Differentiated Reading Instruction -- Heterogeneous Versus Homogeneous Groups -- Conclusion -- Practical Application -- Recommended Resources -- References -- 7 Planning the Lesson Focus -- Classroom Profile