This book brings together work of some of the highest authorities in the field of software measurement and software metrics. It has three main aims: To provide a history of software metrics; to provide a formal foundation for software measurement and software metrics; and to increase the applications of software metrics and to study the development of metrics for non-imperative languages, for example object-oriented and logic-based languages, and for non-code documents, such as specification documents. Intended for academic and professional researchers as well as students of software engineering, Software Measurement offers a framework within which current and future work in software measurement can be effectively and reliably understood and completed. Readers will gain a more comprehensive understanding of software and the discipline behind it, i.e., software engineering, and thus be better able to create and maintain more complex and efficient software.