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Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part I. Introduction -- Chapter 1. Introductory Concepts; Definitions and Context; Chronological Age and Age Groups; Why Study These Phenomena?; Types of Studies; Principles of Measurement and Observation; Overview of Postnatal Growth: Scammon's Curves; General Regulation of Growth and Maturation; Sources of Growth, Performance, and Activity Data; Summary; Sources and Suggested Readings -- Chapter 2. Prenatal Growth and Functional Development; Stages of Prenatal Growth; Sex Differentiation; Twins and Twinning; Prenatal Loss; Congenital Malformations; Fetal Growth; Fetal Motor Activity; Factors That Affect Birth Weight; Overview of the Prenatal Period; Fetal Origins of Adult Diseases; Summary; Sources and Suggested Readings -- Part II. Postnatal Growth -- Chapter 3. Somatic Growth; Measurements Commonly Used in Growth Studies; Growth in Stature and Body Weight; Growth of the Body Mass Index; Growth Patterns in Other Body Dimensions; Changes in Body Proportions; Adjusting for Variation in Body Size-Scaling; Tracking; Summary; Sources and Suggested Readings -- Chapter 4. Development of Physique; Concept of Somatotype; Methods in the Assessment of Physique; Somatotyping Children and Adolescents; Examples of Somatotypes of Individuals During Growth; Distributions of Somatotypes; Change in Somatotype During Growth; Tracking; Summary; Sources and Suggested Readings -- Chapter 5. Body Composition; Models of Body Composition; Methods for Estimating Body Composition; Applications to Children and Adolescents; Concept of Chemical Maturity; Composition of the Fat-Free Mass in Children and Adolescents; Changes in Body Density and Total-Body Water During Growth; Growth in Fat-Free Mass, Fat Mass, and Percent Fat; Tracking; Summary; Sources and Suggested Readings -- Chapter 6. Bone Tissue in Skeletal Growth and Body Composition; Bone Cells; Bone Formation; Growth of a Long Bone; Bone As a Component