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Excerpt from Cæsar, Vol. 2 of 2: A History of the Art of War Among the Romans Down to the End of the Roman Empire, With a Detailed Account of the Campaigns of Caius Julius Cæsar; With 258 Charts, Maps, Plans of Battles and Tactical Manoeuvres, Cuts of Armor, Weapons, and Engines In sieges either towers were erected to override the wall, or else simple battering was resorted to at its foot. In the former case, so soon as the place had been approached, the army was camped, generally in several suitable locations, having heed to health, sustenance and Siege operations. Each camp was fox'tified by a stockade and ditch, and often much more elaborately. Communications were established between these camps, and a. Line of investment or con travallation - was drawn around the city. If there was'dan ger of an enemy's army coming to the relief of the place, another line of circumvallation was drawn outside the besieger's camps, facing outward to forestall an attempt to raise the Siege. Caesar generally uses the term circumval lation for what was earlier and more properly known as contravallation, - i. E., the works erected against a town. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.