The play centers on the trial of Joan of Arc, examining the conflict between her divine conviction and the rigid political and religious structures of the fifteenth century. Joan stands before her inquisitors, tasked with defending her actions and her faith against a tribunal determined to condemn her as a heretic. The narrative framework utilizes a non-linear structure, frequently flashing back to key moments in Joan's life to provide context for her current predicament. The play explores the tension between individual conscience and institutional authority within a world defined by war and theological scrutiny.

Community & Critical Observation: Discussion often centers on Anouilh's unique interpretation of the historical figure, which emphasizes her humanity and wit rather than just her saintly status. Readers frequently highlight the sharp, intellectual dialogue that defines the interactions between Joan and her accusers. Critics often note the play's ability to maintain tension despite the audience's knowledge of the inevitable outcome. The work is frequently analyzed for its commentary on the fragility of individual conviction when faced with overwhelming state pressure. Many readers appreciate the balance between historical accuracy and the playwright's distinct dramatic voice.