This volume investigates the critical question of how India can achieve economic growth that is both robust and equitable across all segments of its population. S. Mahendra Dev, a prominent economist specializing in development and agricultural policy, utilizes extensive socio-economic data to analyze the intersection of market reforms and social welfare. The author argues that sustainable development requires a deliberate, simultaneous pursuit of growth and equity, moving away from policies that prioritize aggregate GDP at the expense of marginalized communities.

Experts recognize this work as a comprehensive reference for understanding the structural challenges inherent in the Indian economy. Scholars frequently cite the text for its clear articulation of the link between agricultural productivity and broader human development goals.