This volume investigates the global state of military expenditure, arms proliferation, and the status of international disarmament efforts during the year 1987. The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) utilizes its international research staff to aggregate data from open-source intelligence and official government reports. The text provides a systematic analysis of the geopolitical climate, focusing on the intersection of technological advancement and the diplomatic frameworks intended to mitigate the risk of large-scale conflict.

Experts and researchers frequently cite this yearbook as a foundational primary source for historical data regarding Cold War-era military policy. The text is noted for its high density of statistical information and its objective, neutral reporting style.