This work investigates the economic principles governing the sustainable management and utilization of forest resources. B. E. Fernow, a prominent figure in early American forestry, draws upon his extensive experience to present a foundational argument for the economic viability of scientific forestry practices. The book examines the balance between resource extraction, conservation, and long-term economic benefit, advocating for a systematic approach to forest management.

This text is recognized as an early, foundational work in the field of forest economics, reflecting the state of knowledge and practice at the turn of the 20th century. Fernow's contributions are significant for their systematic approach to applying economic principles to forestry, aiming to establish a scientific basis for resource management. The book likely appeals to students and scholars of forestry, economics, and environmental history seeking to understand the historical development of these disciplines.