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10. Ball and roller bearing failures -- Introduction -- The most common mechanism of failure in ball bearings is fatigue -- Common causes of ball bearing failures -- Lack of lubrication -- Wrong or defective lubricant -- Inadequate or excess lubricant -- Contamination of lubricant -- Inadequate interference between inner race and shaft -- Excessive interference between inner race and shaft -- Errors in axial positions of inner races -- Slipping of outer race -- Damage to races during assembly -- Case studies -- Bearing failure due to seal failure-i -- Bearing failure due to seal failure-ii -- Do's and don'ts for preventing ball and roller bearing failures -- 11. Sleeve bearing failures -- Introduction -- Common failure modes -- Failures due to external heating -- Failures due to thefts of lubricants -- Failures due to leakage of oil from reservoirs -- Failures due to excessive stress -- Failures of railway axle boxes -- Failures due to excessive ambient temperatures -- Do's and don'ts for preventing sleeve bearing failures -- Appendix 11.1 calculation of standard deviation -- 12. Failures of white metal bearings of electric locomotives -- Introduction -- Failure modes -- Failure investigation -- Remedial measures -- Conclusion -- 13. Flat belt failures -- Introduction -- General factors that influence reliability and durability -- Failures due to joint defects -- Failures due to rubbing on edges -- Failures due to belt stretch -- Do's and don'ts for preventing flat belt failures -- 14. Vee-belt failures -- Introduction -- Belt failures due to mis-matching -- Belt failures due to pulley defects -- Belt failures due to belt stretch -- Belt failures due to poor belt quality -- Belt wear due to gritty dust -- Do's and don'ts for preventing vee-belt failures -- 15. Pulley failures -- Introduction -- Defects in pulley fabrication -- Defects in machining pulley bore -- Do's and don'ts for preventing pulley failures -- 16. Gear failures -- Introduction -- Principal modes of