This text investigates the clinical application of learning theory to the treatment of neurotic disorders. Joseph Wolpe, a psychiatrist and pioneer in the field, presents a systematic framework for behavior therapy based on the principles of reciprocal inhibition. The book argues that maladaptive behaviors are conditioned responses that can be unlearned through specific, measurable therapeutic interventions.

Experts recognize this work as a foundational text that shifted the trajectory of clinical psychology toward evidence-based behavioral practices. Readers frequently note the technical density of the prose, which is intended for practitioners and students of clinical psychology.