This book investigates the catastrophic eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79 and its impact on the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Richard Brilliant, a noted art historian and archaeologist, draws upon extensive archaeological evidence and historical accounts to reconstruct the events of that fateful day and the subsequent preservation of the sites. The work presents a detailed examination of Roman life, art, and architecture as revealed by the volcanic ash, offering insights into the daily routines and social structures of these ancient communities.

This work is recognized for its scholarly approach to the destruction and preservation of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Brilliant's expertise in art history and archaeology lends significant weight to his analysis of the material remains. The book is considered a valuable resource for understanding Roman urban life and the specific historical context of the Vesuvius eruption.