This book investigates whether the widely admired Northern Ireland peace agreement offers a transferable model for conflict resolution, particularly concerning negotiations with terrorist groups. John Bew, drawing on extensive historical analysis, examines the complexities of Northern Ireland's transition from aggression to peace, challenging common perceptions of the process. The work contrasts these events with the Basque country's experiences in Spain during the same era, highlighting crucial variables such as intelligence agency input, the use of state power, and the broader democratic context. Ultimately, the book distinguishes between engaging with groups whose violent strategies appear successful and those who recognize the futility of further conflict.

The book is presented as a critical examination of conflict resolution models, particularly questioning the universal applicability of the Northern Ireland peace process. It aims to provide a more nuanced historical account than commonly accepted, contrasting it with other international examples. The work appears to be geared towards an audience interested in political science, history, and international relations, offering a detailed analysis of negotiation strategies.