Does Plato's Apology represent a sincere defense by Socrates, or is it a calculated rhetorical performance designed to provoke his own condemnation? Thomas C. Brickhouse and Nicholas D. Smith, both established scholars in ancient philosophy, challenge the prevailing academic consensus that Socrates intentionally sought his own execution. By applying rigorous historical and philosophical analysis to the text of the Apology, the authors argue that Socrates' core moral and religious commitments necessitated a genuine attempt to persuade the Athenian jury of his innocence.

Scholars frequently cite this work as a significant departure from traditional interpretations of Socratic irony, noting its meticulous attention to the text. It is widely regarded as a foundational resource for students and researchers examining the intersection of Socratic ethics and Athenian law.