This book investigates whether the origins of the modern business enterprise are rooted in the evolution of educational and accounting disciplinary systems rather than purely industrial or technological advancements. The authors, Keith Hoskin and Richard Macve, utilize their expertise in accounting history to challenge the prevailing Chandlerian view of the 'visible hand.' They argue that the development of specific administrative techniques and the institutionalization of 'discipline' were the primary drivers behind the structure of contemporary corporate organizations.

Experts in business history and accounting theory recognize this work as a significant, albeit provocative, counter-narrative to traditional management history. Readers frequently note the academic density of the prose, which requires a strong background in organizational theory to fully appreciate the authors' arguments.