This work investigates the etymological origins, geographic distribution, and historical development of surnames prevalent within the United States. Elsdon C. Smith, a recognized authority on onomastics, compiles an extensive index of family names to provide a comprehensive reference for researchers and genealogists. The text utilizes linguistic analysis and historical records to trace the evolution of names from their European and global roots to their Americanized forms.

Experts in the field of onomastics regard this dictionary as a foundational reference tool for understanding the linguistic heritage of American families. Readers frequently note the academic rigor of the entries and the utility of the cross-referencing system for genealogical research.