This work investigates how the rhetoric and imagery of the Roman Empire were utilized to justify and shape the colonial ambitions of modern Italy in Africa. Samuel Agbamu, a scholar specializing in the intersection of classical reception and colonial history, examines the ideological frameworks that linked the Roman past to the Italian fascist project. By analyzing literature, political discourse, and visual culture, the author demonstrates how the concept of a 'Third Rome' served as a mechanism for legitimizing territorial expansion and cultural hegemony in North and East Africa.

Scholars in the field of classical reception studies identify this text as a significant contribution to understanding the instrumentalization of antiquity in modern political projects. Readers frequently note the academic density of the prose and the author's rigorous engagement with primary source materials in Italian and Latin.