This work investigates the historical and theological validity of Krishna as a figure within the context of Indian tradition and modern scholarship. Edwin H. Bryant, a professor of Hinduism, synthesizes diverse perspectives from traditional Indian scholarship and Western academic inquiry to address the question of whether Krishna is a historical personage or a mythological construct. The text evaluates the chronological evidence, textual analysis, and the evolution of Krishna-bhakti traditions to provide a comprehensive overview of the scholarly debate.

Scholars and students of religious studies frequently cite this text as a balanced, rigorous examination of a complex subject. The book is recognized for its ability to navigate the tension between faith-based historical accounts and secular academic scrutiny.