This work presents a foundational catalog of the plant life found within the geographical boundaries of New Brunswick. Compiled by James Fowler, a notable botanist of his time, the book draws upon extensive fieldwork and existing botanical records to provide a comprehensive survey. Its primary argument is to establish a baseline understanding of the region's flora, crucial for future ecological and scientific study.

This early botanical survey serves as a critical historical document for the study of New Brunswick's natural history. Its value lies in its detailed enumeration of flora at a time when such comprehensive regional studies were rare. The work is recognized for its contribution to the foundational knowledge of Canadian botany.