This book investigates the complex and often contentious relationship between Islamic fundamentalism and the forces of modernity. Montgomery Watt, a renowned scholar of Islamic history and theology, examines the historical development of Islamic thought and its responses to Western influence and secularization. The work analyzes how various Islamic movements have sought to reconcile their faith with the challenges and opportunities presented by modern societal changes, political ideologies, and technological advancements.

Montgomery Watt's work is generally regarded as a scholarly and nuanced exploration of a critical subject. The book is noted for its historical depth and its attempt to understand the internal dynamics of Islamic thought in the face of modernity. It serves as a valuable resource for those seeking to comprehend the intellectual currents driving Islamic fundamentalist perspectives.