This volume investigates the historical, political, social, and economic foundations of Sri Lanka to provide a comprehensive overview of the nation's development. Richard F. Nyrop, working under the auspices of the American University's Foreign Area Studies program, synthesizes extensive research to analyze the complex interplay between the country's diverse ethnic groups, colonial legacy, and post-independence governance. The text serves as a foundational reference for understanding the structural challenges and cultural identity of the island nation.

Experts and researchers frequently cite this work as a standard, neutral reference text for students and policy analysts seeking a baseline understanding of Sri Lankan society. Readers often note the academic density of the prose, which prioritizes factual breadth over narrative flair.