A diverse group of pilgrims embarks on a journey to Canterbury Cathedral, each agreeing to tell a tale to pass the time. The narrative frames a collection of stories ranging from bawdy fabliaux to pious exempla, reflecting the social strata and moral complexities of 14th-century England. The pilgrims, including a Knight, a Miller, a Wife of Bath, and a Pardoner, are bound by the pilgrimage itself, but their individual tales reveal their distinct personalities, desires, and worldviews, often leading to competition and commentary among them.

The Canterbury Tales is widely regarded as a foundational work of English literature, celebrated for its vivid characterizations and its panoramic depiction of medieval life. Its innovative use of a frame narrative to connect a variety of distinct stories was highly influential, and Chaucer's masterful use of Middle English brought vernacular literature to prominence. The work is often studied for its social commentary, its exploration of diverse human experiences, and its enduring literary artistry. While the language can present a challenge, modern translations and scholarly editions make its rich content accessible to contemporary readers.