This two-volume set investigates the botanical classification, chemical properties, and therapeutic applications of plants used in medical practice. Robert Bentley and Henry Trimen, both distinguished botanists and educators of the 19th century, compiled this comprehensive work to provide a rigorous scientific reference for pharmacists and physicians. The text utilizes detailed botanical descriptions and pharmacological data to establish a systematic framework for identifying and utilizing medicinal flora.

Experts recognize this work as a foundational historical text in the field of pharmacognosy and botanical medicine. Readers frequently note the dense, academic nature of the prose and the high level of detail provided in the botanical plates.