The book investigates the pervasive and often disastrous influence of American foreign policy and perception in Asia, particularly concerning China, throughout the 20th century. James M. Bradley, drawing on extensive archival research and personal accounts, argues that a persistent 'mirage' of American understanding has led to repeated strategic failures and immense human suffering. The narrative traces how deeply ingrained myths and misconceptions about Asian societies, especially China, have shaped U.S. actions from the early 20th century through the Cold War and beyond, often with devastating consequences for both Americans and Asians.

James M. Bradley's "The China Mirage" is recognized for its critical examination of American foreign policy in Asia, particularly its historical misperceptions of China. The book is noted for its deep dive into archival materials and personal testimonies to illustrate how ingrained myths have repeatedly led to disastrous strategic decisions. Scholars and reviewers often highlight its contribution to understanding the persistent disconnect between American intentions and the realities of Asian societies. The work serves as a cautionary account of how deeply held, yet flawed, assumptions can shape international relations with profound and often tragic outcomes.