The book investigates the historical trajectory of Marxist thought from its 19th-century origins through its ideological shifts and potential for future relevance. Roger S. Gottlieb, a scholar of philosophy and religion, examines the foundational texts and key figures of Marxism, tracing its evolution across different historical periods and political contexts. The work analyzes the core tenets of Marxist theory, its subsequent interpretations and adaptations, and the critiques it has faced. Gottlieb seeks to understand how Marxist ideas have been betrayed by certain political movements and to explore the possibilities for their rebirth in contemporary thought.

The book's title suggests a comprehensive historical and theoretical exploration of Marxism, likely appealing to scholars and students of political philosophy and history. The framing of 'origins, betrayal, rebirth' indicates a critical yet potentially reconstructive approach to the subject matter. The scope implies a detailed examination of the intellectual lineage and the socio-political forces that have shaped Marxist thought over time. It is likely to engage with debates surrounding the legacy and future applicability of Marxist ideas.