This work investigates the historical figure of Jesus by examining his teachings in the context of his contemporaries and their subsequent interpretation within modern Christian institutions. Humphrey Carpenter, a biographer and historian, approaches the subject through a secular lens, stripping away theological dogma to focus on the available historical evidence. He evaluates the primary sources to distinguish between the historical man and the later constructs of the church, providing a framework for understanding the origins of Christian doctrine.

Critics and readers often note the clinical and detached tone Carpenter employs throughout the text. Experts highlight this as a useful introductory resource for those seeking a historical rather than a confessional understanding of the subject matter.