This study investigates the socio-historical origins and formative development of the American Pentecostal movement during its initial expansion. Robert C. Anderson examines the movement from the late nineteenth century through the early 1930s, analyzing how Pentecostalism transitioned from a spontaneous, fluid social phenomenon into a collection of established, ritualized denominations. The author balances theological doctrine with sociological analysis to explain how religious ideas influenced collective action and social identity.

Scholars and historians of American religion frequently cite this work for its focus on the sociological mechanics of early Pentecostalism. The text is recognized for providing a balanced view of how the movement evolved from a grassroots phenomenon into a structured religious institution.