The narrative follows the legendary knight Guy of Warwick as he seeks to prove his worth through feats of arms and religious devotion to win the hand of his beloved Felice. Guy, a man of humble origins, rises through the ranks of chivalry by defeating formidable opponents and monsters. His primary objective is to transcend his social standing and earn the favor of the Earl of Warwick's daughter. The narrative, presented in Middle English verse, explores the tension between secular knightly duty and the pursuit of spiritual salvation. The world is defined by the rigid hierarchies of the feudal system and the pervasive influence of Christian morality.

Discussion often centers on the linguistic evolution of the text between the 13th and 15th-century versions. Readers frequently highlight the significance of the poem as a foundational work of Middle English romance that bridges folklore and courtly tradition. Critics examine the balance between the protagonist's violent martial exploits and his eventual transition toward asceticism. The work is widely regarded as a vital resource for scholars interested in the development of the English heroic epic. The text serves as a primary reference for understanding the cultural values of the medieval period.