This book investigates the complex and often deeply rooted causes that lead to ethnic conflict. William Petersen, a noted sociologist, draws upon historical case studies and theoretical frameworks to explore the factors contributing to intergroup hostility. The work examines how demographic shifts, cultural differences, and political structures interact to create conditions ripe for conflict, arguing that ethnic identity itself can be a powerful, albeit volatile, force in shaping human societies.

This work is recognized as a foundational text in the study of ethnic conflict, offering a comprehensive sociological perspective. Scholars often cite Petersen's analysis for its rigorous examination of the underlying causes of intergroup violence. The book is valued for its ability to connect macro-level societal forces with the micro-level experiences of ethnic groups.