This book critically analyzes the intricate relationship between Islam and democracy in South Asia, with a specific focus on Bangladesh. It argues that Islam and democracy are not inherently contradictory, and that Islam can play a constructive role in democratic development. The authors contend that the peaceful arrival of Islam in Bengal, largely through Sufis, fostered a moderate religious tradition. They identify both militant Islam and militant secularism as significant threats to democracy and pluralism, asserting that 'democratic Islamism,' which adheres to democratic norms, stands in contrast to 'militant Islamism' and is not anti-democratic.

The book is grounded in the Weberian tradition and presents a critical analysis of the relationship between Islam and democracy in South Asia, particularly in Bangladesh. It posits that Islam can contribute to the development of democracy, contrasting 'democratic Islamism' with 'militant Islamism.' The authors suggest that the suppression of democratic rights can create fertile ground for militant Islamism and terrorism, while the practice of fair democracy can diminish anti-democratic political Islam.