This book investigates the fundamental definitions, purposes, and evolving forms of documentary filmmaking within the broader context of media studies. Patricia Aufderheide, a professor and scholar in communication, utilizes a historical and analytical framework to examine how documentary films function as both artistic expression and social tools. She evaluates the intersection of filmmaker intent, institutional influence, and audience reception to provide a comprehensive overview of the genre's development.

Experts frequently cite this work as a foundational text for students and practitioners seeking to understand the structural mechanics of documentary film. Readers often note the clarity of the prose, which balances academic rigor with accessible explanations of complex media theory.