James P. Mackey investigates whether modern Christian theology can effectively address the challenges of contemporary atheism by moving away from traditional evidentiary arguments. Mackey, a scholar of religious thought, critiques the reliance on historical proofs and dogmatic assertions, proposing instead that theology should engage with the humanistic traditions of Hegel and the inherent religious instincts of humanity. He argues that by shifting focus toward these philosophical foundations, theologians can construct a more robust and relevant framework for the modern era.

Scholars and readers often identify this text as a significant critique of traditional apologetic strategies in the face of secularism. The prose is noted for its academic rigor and its specific focus on bridging the gap between classical theology and modern philosophical inquiry.