This work investigates the historical and theological connections between the Roman mystery cult of Mithras and the emergence of early Christianity. David Ulansey, a scholar of ancient religions, utilizes astronomical and archaeological evidence to argue that the Mithraic mysteries were rooted in a sophisticated understanding of cosmology that influenced the development of Christian iconography and doctrine. He posits that the transition from pagan mystery traditions to the institutionalized Christian faith involved a significant synthesis of existing religious frameworks.

Scholars and historians often cite this text for its provocative interpretation of the relationship between Mithraism and early Christian development. Readers frequently note the academic density of the prose and the specialized nature of the astronomical arguments presented by the author.