This book investigates the pervasive role of myths in shaping human understanding and the necessity of critically evaluating the narratives that underpin modern scientific and social thought. Mary Midgley, a prominent moral philosopher, draws upon her extensive background in ethics and the philosophy of science to challenge the assumption that modern society has outgrown myth-making. She argues that myths are not merely false stories but essential frameworks that guide our perception of reality, human nature, and our place within the natural world.

Scholars and philosophers frequently cite this work as a vital contribution to the critique of scientism and modern reductionism. Readers often note the clarity of Midgley's prose, which makes complex philosophical inquiries accessible to those outside of academic circles.