This work investigates the evolution of the American popular song during the first half of the twentieth century, focusing on the structural and melodic innovations that defined the era. Alec Wilder, a composer and songwriter himself, utilizes his technical expertise to analyze the compositions of the most influential figures in American music. He argues that the synthesis of jazz, theater, and folk traditions created a unique musical language that remains foundational to the American songbook.

Experts and musicologists frequently cite this volume as a foundational text for understanding the technical mechanics of the Great American Songbook. Readers often note the high level of musical literacy required to fully appreciate the author's detailed harmonic and melodic critiques.