The book argues that humanity possesses powerful new tools for self-improvement through genetics, biotechnology, and medicine, but their ethical application is hindered by societal objections and a lack of scientific study. Prominent bioethicist Gregory E. Pence contends that we should openly investigate and ethically employ these enhancement technologies, rather than allowing covert and scientifically unexamined practices to proliferate. He critiques the prevailing bioethical discourse, urging a move beyond alarmism and uncritical enthusiasm to actively contribute to the development of 'better humans'. The central thesis is that proactive, ethical engagement with enhancement technologies is not only possible but necessary for responsible human progress.

The book is presented as a significant contribution to the bioethics discourse on human enhancement, advocating for a balanced and proactive approach. Pence's work challenges common ethical narratives, suggesting that a more open and scientifically grounded exploration of enhancement technologies is warranted. The publisher's description highlights its potential to inform both public debate and scientific inquiry into the future of human capabilities. It aims to position bioethics as a constructive force in guiding these powerful new tools.